Jupiter Moons Essays - Moons Of Jupiter, Spacecraft, Astronomy

Jupiter Moons Jupiter, the largest of the Jovian planets, reigns supreme throughout the solar system. Named after the Roman god Jove, the ruler of Olympus; "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the sun and is also the largest planet in the Earth's solar system. It is 318 times moremassive than Earth and is two thirds of the planetary mass in the solar system. Jupiter's surface, unlike earth, is gaseous and not a solid. It is about 90% hydrogen and 10% helium with traces of methane, ammonia, water and rock. Jupiter's interior is very similar to the Sun's interior but with a far lower temperature."(Columbia) However, it is still unknown for certain, but Jupiter is believed to have a core of liquid metallic hydrogen. This exotic element can only be achieved at a pressure greater than 4 million bars. Jupiter radiates more energy in space than it receives from the sun. "Jupiter's orbit lies beyond the asteroid belt at a mean distance of c.483 million mi (773 million km) from the sun; its period of revolution is 11.86 years." (Seeds) In order from the sun it is the first of the Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune), very large, massive planets of relatively low density, having rapid rotation and a thick, opaque atmosphere. "Jupiter has a diameter of 88,679 mi (142,800 km), more than 11 times that of the earth. Its mass is 318 times that of the earth and about 2 1/2 times the mass of allother planets combined." (Columbia) A measurement of the diameter of Jupiter determined the planet's polar flattening. The flattening of Jupiter was revealed by Pioneer to be slightly greater than that derived from the best Earth-based measurements. "The diameter of the planet was measured at a pressure of 800 mbar near the cloud tops (a bar is roughly equal to the pressure of 1 atm of Earth). Its polar diameter is 133,540 km (82,980 miles) and its equatorial diameter is142, 796 kilometers (88,732 miles)." (Seeds) These values were established by the timing of the occultation of the spacecraft by Jupiter. Thus, Jupiter is nearly 20 times more fattened than Earth, principally because of its non-solid state and its higher rate of rotation. The average density of Jupiter, calculated from its mass and volume, was confirmed as 1.33 gm/cm^3 (the density of water is 1). The atmosphere of Jupiter is composed mainly of hydrogen, helium, methane, and ammonia. "It appears the atmosphere is divided into a number of light and dark bands parallel to its equator and shows a range of complex features, including an ongoing storm called the Great Red Spot, located in its southern hemisphere and measuring 16,150 mi long by 8,700 mi wide (26,000 by 14,000 km)." (Columbia) This Great Red Spot is still present in Jupiter's atmosphere, more than 300 years later. It is now known that it is a vast storm, spinning like a cyclone. Unlike a low- pressure hurricane in the Caribbean Sea, however, the Red Spot rotates in a counterclockwise direction in the southern hemisphere, showing that it is a high-pressure system. "Winds inside this Jovian storm reach speeds of about 270 mph. The Red Spot is the largest known storm in the Solar System. With a diameter of 15,400 miles, it is almost twice the size of the entire Earth and one-sixth the diameter of Jupiter itself." (Fimmel) The Great Red Spot was first detected by Robert Hooke in 1664. Jupiter has no solid rock surface. One theory pictures a gradual transition from the outer ammonia clouds to a thick layer of frozen gases and finally to a liquid or solid hydrogen mantle. "The Spot and other markings of the atmosphere also provide evidence for Jupiter's rapid rotation, which has a period of about 9 hr 55 min. This rotation causes a polar flattening of over 6%." (Columbia) The temperature of Jupiter ranges from about -190? F (-124?C) for the visible surface of the atmosphere, to 9? F (-13? C) at lower cloud levels; localized regions reach as high as 40? F (4? C) at still lower cloud levels near the equator. Jupiter radiates about four times as much heat energy as it receives from the sun, suggesting an internal heat source. This energy is thought to be due in part to a slow contraction of the planet. Jupiter is also characterized by intense non-thermal radio emission; in the 15-m range it is the strongest radio source in the sky. Jupiter has a simple ring system that is composed of an inner halo, a main ring

Santas Lap Christmas Improv Drama Game

'Santas Lap' Christmas Improv Drama Game Santas Lap is a variation on a theater game called Surprise Guests. As with that character guessing game, one person will leave the stage area and be out of earshot. The remaining cast members will then gather suggestions from the audience by asking them: Who should I be? The audience may suggest generic character types: cowboy, opera singer, cheerleader, or other suggestions. They may also suggest specific individuals: Walt Disney, Vladimir Putin, Queen Elizabeth, or characters from books or movies. Or, the audience can be encouraged to offer bizarre suggestions, such as: A man without any bonesA woman who is madly in love with pastaA child who fears candy How to Play After each cast member has received a character, all then form a single-file line. The person playing Santa enters in character, and the scene begins. Santa may be played in a very genuine sort of way (think Miracle on 34th Street), or he may be portrayed as a disgruntled mall Santa (as in A Christmas Story). After Santa interacts with the audience or perhaps with an elf employee, the first character in line sits on Santas lap. (Or they can just approach Santa if sitting is not appropriate to the character.) As Santa asks what the person wants for Christmas, he will also engage in a conversation that will deliver funny little clues about the identity of the character. As with Surprise Guests, the goal isnt so much to correctly guess the character. Instead, the performers should focus on humor and character development. Make the most of the interaction between Santa Claus and his mystery lap-sitter. After the lap-sitter has been identified, then Santa moves on to the next person in line. Note: In order to make the improv game more dynamic, Santa should feel free to move from his chair, taking the characters to see his workshop, sled, or reindeer barn. Tips To help plan a successful improv event, check out these tips: You wont need a ton of space for this question-and-answer guessing game, but you will want at least five people to play. If you have that few, you can rotate people in and out of the audience and can rotate the people being Santa in different rounds, as each round will move quickly. If you have a lot of people, you can still rotate Santa after a particular number of characters guessed, such as every 10, or after a certain length of time, say 15 or 20 minutes, depending on how Santa is doing.If children are involved in the game, take their knowledge of famous people or characters into account when choosing the subjects.When coming up with your subjects, the more creative you can be, the more lively the game will be. Having someone pretend to be a data entry clerk, for example, will not be as spirited for the actor as, say, a skydiver with a fear of heights. Get an emotional element into the character suggestion when possible. This can also help the actor to think up what he or she wan ts from Santa for Christmas, as the character will have a need of something built into his or her role from the start.

Assessing Leadership, Motivation, and Conflict Resolution through the Essay

Assessing Leadership, Motivation, and Conflict Resolution through the Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator - Essay Example The MBTI is determined based on seven (7) human mental underlying performances: verbal comprehension, word fluency, numerical, spatial, memory, perceptual speed, and inductive reasoning. These performances are generally grouped and classified into four (4) cognitive styles: (1) sensation/thinking; (2) intuition/thinking; (3) sensation/feeling; and (4) intuition/feeling. These cognitive styles helps assess the individual's leadership potential and skills, motivations as part of an organization and group, and abilities to resolve conflicts. The sensation/thinking or ST cognitive style individual utilizes perception and rational thinking in decision-making tasks. An intuition/thinking (NT) makes use of impersonal analysis based not on facts, but on "possibilities" or what the individual perceives as the proper basis for his/her assessment/judgment. A sensation/feeling (SF) individual combines both personal judgment and perception based on facts in assessing a particular task or developing decisions for the group. Lastly, the intuition/feeling (NF) person would most likely use personal judgment and personal perception when analyzing a problem or undertaking within a group or organization. Given these kinds of characteristics for each cognitive style, the MBTI helps assess leadership based on the manner at which the individual develops

Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions - Essay Example Natural disasters have blanketed the world in the recent years. Every year, many areas are flooded with water which is a potential threat to the life of animals and humans. Many people lose their lives in tsunamis. Glaciers that are melting away are depriving many animal species of their habitat. Glaciers are the primary source of food and shelter for polar bears. The rate at which glaciers are melting away presently will soon make the polar bears extinct from Earth completely. Also, thousands of cattle are drowned in floods whenever they occur. In addition to that, many people die of severe heat in the summer season every year because every summer season is getting much hotter than the preceding one. Air pollution has made people acquire many diseases. Thus, global warming is a big threat to life on Earth in many ways. Increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is the fundamental cause of global warming. CO2 is the fundamental greenhouse gas that causes the temperature to rise. In order to reduce the global warming, it is imperative that level of CO2 emissions is reduced. Two-thirds of the total electricity in the world is produced from fossil fuels which, along with doing this job, make one-third of the total CO2 emission in the world. Along with CO2, many other greenhouse gases are also produced from the fossil fuels that include but are not limited to methane and CO. Nature has blessed us with trees that consume CO2 to produce oxygen, but the sad part of the story is that trees are also decreasing in number with every passing day as more products are being made of wood. It takes much more time for a tree to grow than the rate at which they are being cut. As a result of this, the fundamental source of consumption of CO2 and reduction of its level in the atmosphere is readily vanishing. Thus, the level of CO2 in the atmosphere is increasing. Owing to the dreadful consequences of the increased levels of CO2 in the atmosphere as dis cussed above, there is dire need to reduce its level. In order to make the world a habitable place for the future generations, measures need to be taken before it is too late. This can fundamentally be achieved by reducing the emission of CO2 which requires a combined effort from all countries. Technologies to reduce CO2 emissions: In order to reduce the CO2 emissions in the atmosphere, the first and foremost step that needs to be taken is the introduction of renewable energy in the transport sector. There is dire need to integrate the transport sector into the energy system in order to obtain maximum effect. CO2 emissions can be reduced in a lot of ways by controlling the transportation on land, sea and air. With every passing day, more and more cars are crowding the streets all over the world. The cars can be made quite fuel efficient in the least time. In order to solve the global energy system, the electric cars can be charged with the help of wind turbines. This would be a long term solution of the problem. Hydrogen can be used in place of fuel to drive the electric cars. Another way to reduce the CO2 emissions is by way of road charges. There is need to determine alternatives to the conventional sources of fuel so as to minimize the effect of supply shortages on the transport activities. Diesel engines have conventionally been made use of for the transportation on highways, though they release a lot of CO2 into the atmosphere. It

China; a dangerous superpower; responding to debate Assignment

China; a dangerous superpower; responding to debate - Assignment Example The military size is not shrinking but growing, this indicates there is more to it than meets the eye. China is gradually establishing its self as an economic giant, and this is the best place to mitigate its threat of becoming a super power. China mostly focuses on virgin markets that are thought to have been neglected by the west. United States of America and it allies should focus on tapping into the markets before China. That will ensure that the countries grow their GDP at a rate similar to China’s and be one step ahead. I agree with the answer and strongly advocate for the United States allies to review their laws in regard to combat and military matters. Japan adopted laws that regulated its military to duties that are close to the ideal ceremonial in combat matters. China with its quest to have a firm grip in the region decided to claim regions that are clearly Japans sole possession. The act violets international law and threaten Japans sovereignty. The region under contention is a joined military training field for both the United States of America and Japan. That might be the main reason China invaded the region. Japan should review its laws and wake up to what its neighbor is doing. The country should invest more into military equipment. The action may make China slow on its pursuit for the territory. China continued expansion economically, and investment into carriers signify that the country is more a threat now and looking to becoming a super power. The USA should assist Japan in strengthening it military both in terms of more combined training and equipment. The act will deter China from invading Japan and help America as a nation have an ally where it can launch an offensive should there be a need for such action. I strongly agree with the author and see China as a growing super power and threat. United States of America has many trade agreements with China making its

Indian Premier League Marketing Case Study

Indian Premier League Marketing Case Study Cricket is just one of those many sports which was conceived by the English and perfected by the world; the Indian Premier League is just an extension of this phenomenon. The Twenty 20 format was invented in England in 2003 but it really took off when the master strategist that is Lalit Modi took it upon himself to take this format a step higher into crickets first franchise based sports event. In late June 2007 Lalit Modi who was then Vice-President of the Board of Cricket Control for India spoke to Andrew Wildblood of the International Management Group (IMG), a company with a vast experience in the whole area of sports management. IMG and Lalit Modi then sat down to discuss this model and finally came up with the idea that is the IPL in its current format. The idea behind creating city based teams was based on the model present in sports in US and UK. IMG designed the IPL after an intensive study of the primary sporting leagues around the world such as the NHL, NBA, NFL and EPL. They examined the theoretical models and also the result and impact of each of these leagues before arriving at the final blueprint. As in most other areas, there were at least as many learnings from the shortcomings and weaknesses as there were in the strengths and benefits mapped to the individual market contexts. What has finally emerged as the IPL design is one that has been meticulously refined to work for cricket.The league structure has been modeled so as to flourish in the uniquely Indian context, and drive the development of grassroots talent in Indian cricket. The idea had all the ingredients to be a success. The best cricket players of the world, fans from around the world and a dollop of glamour due to the presence of Bollywood celebrities, corporates and Indian politicos. The IPL was the first of its kind sports extravaganza of its kind, prior to this India has been fed a steady diet of 50 overs and test cricket. This kind of model which is common in the west but a first of its kind in India provided many new avenues for all the stakeholders. The grand old game of Cricket has undergone several makeovers in its history. Test cricket was followed by 60 over one dayers which later became 50 overs. The all white strip of the 70s gave way to the colored clothing and day-night matches of the Kerry Packer era. The Twenty 20 format which originated in England was devised to bring back the crowds in English County Cricket. The game in England was going through a major crisis and the introduction of T20 was instrumental in bringing a much needed dose of excitement in the game. Once again English were left to marvel as the sport they had created in their own backyard was spun into the Great Indian Tamasha by Lalit Modi and his comrades. Commercialization of IPL: Indian Premier League (IPL) has defined a new set of paradigm to do business in the Indian landscape. This was bound to happen someday, looking at the craze for the cricket in this country. IPL is not a yet another cricket extravaganza but an event where money is spun around with many different angles and huge stakes are involved in it. IPL has corporatized cricket in a unique way. It has added a new dimension of marketing and branding the sport in India. IPL is a business which has big economy of scale. India has seen the success of different businesses and the organizations or entrepreneurs running them and now it is the turn of IPL. Overall IPL itself has become a big brand under the leadership of Top management and it is a matter of interest that how it has been done as compared to the failure of its rival league ICL. The Value Positioning of IPL is Fast and Quick Entertainment Which has its own pros and cons according to the test and 50-50 Over Cricket Fraternity. The Making of the Franchises: The biggest USP of the Indian Premier League is that, here the teams are run and managed by various corporate houses or Bollywood celebrities. The owners of the teams went through a bidding procedure to buy the teams and after that, the cricketers were also put up forauction. The managements of the teams took part in the auction and bid for their desired cricketers, with a view to make their team the strongest one among all others. Cricketers from around the world, including the Indian cricketers were put up for auction. The BCCI actually followed the format of England`s most popular football event, the Barclays English Premier League (EPL) for governing the rules and regulations of the Indian Premier League (IPL). Right from the ownership of the franchises to the games themselves, IPL saw an exciting cocktail of Cricket, Bollywood and Business Barons. The people involved in buying these franchises were the whos who of Bollywood and Indian Business Houses.The winning  bidders  for the eight  franchises  were declared on 24 January 2008.   The total base price for the auction was US $400 million but the auction went on to fetch US $723.59 million.On March 21, 2010,  Pune  and  Kochi  were unveiled as the two new franchises for the fourth edition of the Indian Premier League. The base price this time around was $225 million. While Pune was bought by Sahara Adventure Sports Group for $370 million, the Kochi franchise was bought by Rendezvous Sports World Limited for $333.3 million. The process was to have been completed on March 7 but was postponed by two weeks after many bidders and the  BCCI  objected to stiff financial clauses. The second franchise auction fetched total $703 million. This auction brought a lot of attention towards the IPL for the alleged involvement of Union Cabinet Minister ShashiTharoor . His involvement in trying to tip the scales in the favor of a particular consortium created much furore in the media Open Auction for Individual Players: Highest bidder becomes the buyer. Each player has a base annual fee which is on a pro-rata basis depending on his availability. Each IPL franchise has a max limit to spend on bidding for players. Franchise Owner(s) Captain Price (USD) Price (Rupees) Mumbai Indians Mukesh Ambani  (Reliance Industries) Sachin Tendulkar $ 112.9 m Rs. 441 Cr Royal Challengers Bangalore Vijay Mallya  (UB Group) Anil Kumble $ 111.6  m Rs. 440 Cr Deccan  Chargers Deccan Chronicle  (Venkat Ram Reddy) Adam Gilchrist $ 107.0   m Rs. 422 Cr Chennai Super Kings India Cements  (N.Srinivasan) Mahendra Singh Dhoni $ 91.90 m Rs. 359 Cr Delhi Daredevils GMR Group( G.M Rao) Gautam Gambhir $ 84.0 m Rs. 331 Cr Kings XI Punjab Ness Wadia  (Bombay Dyeing),  Priety Zinta, Mohit Burman (Dabur) and Karan Paul (Apeejay Surendera Group) Kumar Sangakkara $ 76.0 m Rs. 300 Cr Kolkata Knight Riders Red Chillies Entertainment  (Shahrukh Khan,  Gauri Khan,  Juhi Chawlaand  Jai Mehta) Saurav Ganguly $ 75.1 m Rs. 296 Cr Rajasthan Royals Emerging Media (Lachlan Murdoch, A.R Jha and Suresh Chellaram), Ultra tech cements, Shilpa Shetty, Raj Kundra Shane Warne $ 67.0 m Rs. 264 Cr Pune Sahara Adventure Sports Group TBD $ 370 m Rs. 1702 Cr Kochi Rendezvous Sports World Limited TBD $ 333.3 m Rs. 1533 Cr Economics of IPL Television rights and sponsorships: The IPL is predicted to bring the BCCI income of approximately  US$1.6 billion, over a period of five to ten years. All of these revenues are directed to a central pool, 40% of which will go to IPL itself, 54% to franchisees and 6% as prize money. The money will be distributed in these proportions until 2017, after which the share of IPL will be 50%, franchisees 45% and prize money 5%. The IPL signed up  Kingfisher Airlines  as the official umpire partner for the series in a  Rs.  106 crore (1.06 billion) deal. This deal sees the Kingfisher Airlines brand on all umpires uniforms and also on the giant screens during  third umpire  decisions Television rights: On 15 January 2008 it was announced that a consortium consisting of  Indias  Sony Entertainment Television  network and  Singapore-based  World Sport Group  secured the global broadcasting rights of the Indian Premier League.  The record deal has duration of ten years at a cost of US $1.026 billion. As part of the deal, the consortium will pay the BCCI US $918 million for the television broadcast rights and US $108 million for the promotion of the tournament.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  This deal was challenged in the Bombay High Court by IPL, and got the ruling on its side. After losing the battle in court,  Sony Entertainment Television  signed a new contract with BCCI with  Sony Entertainment Television  paying a staggering  Rs.  8700 crores for 10 years. Sony-WSG then re-sold parts of the broadcasting rights geographically to other companies. Below is a summary of the broadcasting rights around the world. On 4 March 2010 ITV announced it had secured the United Kingdom television rights for the 2010 Indian Premier League. ITV will televise 59 of the 60 IPL matches on its ITV4 free to air channel. Sony charges Rs 4-5 lakh per 10 seconds, (top soaps charge Rs 1.5 lakh per 10 seconds). According to Television Audience Measurement (TAM), the average Television Rating Points (TRP) of the first 14 matches in Season 1 was 4.97; in Season 2 it was 4.52, and in Season 3 its grown to 4.69. If IPL-1 reached 77 million people in the first 14 matches, IPL-2 went to 96 million and IPL-3 is at 108 million. The ratings have also raised team earnings. Winning Bidder Regional Broadcast Rights Sony/World Sport Group Global Rights,  India ONE HD Free-to-air HD and SD television in  Australia. Owned by Network TEN. Sky Network Television New Zealand  broadcast rights PCCW Hong Kong  broadcast rights, broadcast on Now Sports. StarHub Singapore  broadcast rights, broadcast on Cricket Extra. Astro Malaysia  broadcast rights on Astro Box Office Sport. SuperSport South Africa,  Central Africa  and  Nigeria  broadcast rights. Arab Digital Distribution Middle East  broadcast rights on ADDs  CricOne. Broadcast to  United Arab Emirates,   Bahrain,   Iran,   Iraq,  Jordan,  Kuwait,  Lebanon,   Oman,  Qatar,   Palestine,  Saudi Arabia,  Syria,  Turkey, Algeria,  Morocco,  Tunisia, Egypt, Sudan,  Libya  and  Nigeria. GEO Super Pakistan  broadcast rights Willow TV Rights to distribute on  television,  radio,  broadband  and  Internet, for the IPL in North America. DirecTV United States  Exclusive broadcast rights on Cricket Ticket. Asian Television Network Canadian  broadcast rights. Aired on Pay-per-view channel. Aired on  XM Radios ATN-Asian Radio  as well. Sports Max Caribbean  broadcast rights. ITV United Kingdom  broadcast rights, broadcast on  ITV4. Sponsorships: Indias biggest property developer  DLF Group  paid US$50 million to be the title sponsor of the tournament for 5 years from 2008 to 2013.Other five-year sponsorship agreements include a deal with motorcycle maker Hero Honda worth $22.5-million, one with PepsiCo worth $12.5-million, and a deal with beer and airline conglomerate Kingfisher at $26.5-million. Revenue and Profits: The UK-based brand consultancy, Brand Finance, has valued the IPL at $4.13 billion in 2010.  It was valued at U$2.01 billion in 2009 by the same consultancy. There are disputed figures for the profitability of the teams. One analyst said that four teams out of the eight made a profit in 2009.]While the London Times said that all but  Kings XI Punjab  made a profit. In 2010, the IPL expects to have 80 official merchandising deals. It has signed a deal with  Swiss  watchmaker Bandelier to make official watches for the IPL. Official IPL applications: DCI Mobile Studios (A division of Dot Com Infoway Limited), in conjunction with Sigma Ventures of  Singapore, have jointly acquired the rights to be the exclusive Mobile Application partner and rights holder for the Indian Premier League cricket matches worldwide for the next 8 years (including the 2017 season). Recently, they have released the IPL T20 Mobile applications for  iPhone,  Nokia  Smartphonesand  Blackberry  devices. Soon it will be made available across all other major Mobile platforms including the  Android,  Windows Mobile,  Palm   others. How Does IPL make Money? Auction of broadcasting rights. Title sponsorship and corporate sponsorship. Sale of Tickets (20% allocated to IPL). Auction of Franchisee rights. Official Umpires sponsorships. How is the Income Distributed? Share of the broadcasting money with franchisees. Share of the sponsorship money with franchisees. Share of ticket money with franchisees. Inauguration expenses. Prize Money. Sources of Income for an IPL Franchise (ROI) Share in revenue from the broadcasting rights. Share in the sponsorship money. Share in revenue from the sale of tickets. Revenue from In-stadium Advertising. Sale of Players to other franchise. Revenue from own sponsorship and corporate sponsorship. How is the franchise income distributed? Franchisee fees: 10% of the total franchisee costs every year to IPL. Players cost. Match fees and Inauguration expenses. Rent of Stadium. Marketing and promotional cost. Fees for coaches, physiotherapists and other members. Administrative cost. Franchisees can earn profit in IPL as Team owners get 80% of broadcast revenues, 60% of sponsorship revenues, 100% of team sponsorship revenues, 80% of ticket revenues, 87.5% of all merchandising revenues, and 100% of all hospitality revenues. Brand Finance, which came out with IPL brands latest valuation at $ 4.13 billion, said that the brand alone has risen significantly, providing tremendous economic value to its owner, BCCI. Although the English Premier League is valued much higher at $12 billion, the IPLs valuation has risen above $4 billion in just three years, Brand Finance pointed out. Indian Premier League would generate revenue of $1 billion this season, thanks to huge fan following across the globe, attracting a large number of advertisers. Indian Premier Leagues brand value has more than doubled to $4.13 billion (over Rs 18,000 crores), while Chennai Super Kings has emerged the most valued franchise this year, says a study. Ranked fourth last year, Chennai Super Kings led by MS Dhoni has moved to number one with a valuation of $48.4 million, followed by Shahrukh Khan-owned Kolkata Knight Riders ($46 million) and Shilpa Shettys Rajasthan Royals ($45.2 million). The valuation of teams pale in comparison to the IPL brand itself, which has more than doubled from last years $2.01 billion. The individual franchisees have also seen a fair amount of uplift in value since last year. Vijay Mallya-promoted Royal Challengers Bangalore is ranked fourth this year with a valuation of $41.9 million and is followed by Nita Ambani-owned Mumbai Indians ($40.8 million), Delhi Daredevils ($40.5 million), Kings XI Punjab ($36.1 million) and Hyderabad Deccan Chargers at the bottom with a valuation of $34.4 million. Consider this. Chelsea, one of the wealthiest, most powerful football clubs in Europe the Premiership giants, who were bought by Russian oligarch Roman Abrahmovic for  £140 million (Rs 966 crores) in one of the most high-profile takeovers in international sport in 2003, would appear a mid-table struggler if compared to the  £246.35 million (Rs 1,702 crores) Sahara splashed out to buy the Pune team. While it is almost certain that Rendezvous Sports pumping in money for a Kochi-based T20 franchise sounds the death knell for Keralas traditional favorite, football, at Rs 1,533 crores, the cricketing venture heads both Chelsea and Liverpool, which was taken over by US ice-hockey team owners George Gillett and Tom Hicks for  £219m (Rs 1,511 crores) in February 2007. It should be noted that seven seasons ago, the Russian oligarch was paying the amount he did for an established brand, one that was almost a century old, while the Indians paid these astronomical sums merely to gain entry into what is still a fledgling venture, which recently began only its third season. THIRD SEASON VALUATION: The crowds are swelling, with experts estimating a 25 per cent jump in gate money. In Season 1, higher-end ticket sellers like the Mumbai Indians and Delhi Daredevils earned Rs 15 crore each. Gate money for bigger franchises could hit Rs 20 crore this season. The gross revenues from gate money, television advertising and sponsorships on an IPL double-header day, industry experts say, could touch Rs 40 crore. Marketing Strategy: IPL The DLF Indian premier league is a concept sell. It is clearly observed that IPL is a perfect example of controversy marketing Strategies: Auctioning the franchisees. Auctioning the players participating in the IPL tournament. Advertisements on various TV and radio channels. Cheerleaders were one of the most important thing that is talked about, foreign girls attracted huge crowd. Worldwide telecast. Locations: the venue chosen for the cricket matches was a strategic choice of places which are named after franchisees, which helped attract people. Conflicts with some media partners and some other cricket boards again demanded the attention of people. Timing: IPL has shown its strategic application of intellect by choosing the evening time for the matches, which made people watch game comfortably. ICL: the rival ICL had been one of the reasons for the publicity and emergence of IPL. People started comparing the IPL ICL that caused the huge publicity for the IPL Opening ceremony gala, Live Concerts. Franchises taken by film stars like Shahrukh Khan, Pretty Zinta and JuhiChawlaetc are the center for attraction, which made some Bollywood stars come for the game. Use of models and Bollywood stars for anchoring and promotion of teams like Akshay Kumar for Delhi daredevils, Shahrukh khan for Kolkata Knight Riders. The commentators were not less than PROs, use of phrases that pleased sponsors and made them pay more. Example: for every six it was a DLF Maximum, for every special moment it was city moment of success. Advantages and Disadvantages Players: Advantages Disadvantages Earn at least Rs 80 Lakhs ($200000) or more per season on average. Due to the tight schedule of international cricket, Chances of injury lowers the tenure of career. Bonuses and Prize Money from Team owners. Neglecting other forms of cricket A great stage to show case skills and compete with the best in the world. Fast game. Stamina and patience to build an innings and bowl tirelessly to get wickets is lost. The top 4 highest earning international cricketers are Indians, with the captain, Mahendra Singh Dhoni, leading the way with annual earnings estimated at US$10m, Tendulkar at US$8m, Yuvraj and Dravid earning in excess of US$5m. Franchise: Advantages Disadvantages Using the cricket property to promote other businesses. Financial Loss if the IPL fails to take off. Prize money if the team wins. Franchises Pays the team and financial costs i.e. Cost of acquisition. They earn from the share in revenue from IPL. Promotional expenses have to be paid by franchises. They also pay the franchisee fee e.g. RCB has to pay $11.16m p.a. for 10 years. Sponsors: Advantages Disadvantages Spot rate charged from advertisers of IPL. Spot Rate may go down if any IPL season is not a blockbuster. Improves customer base. Too much reputation at stake tied to the fortunes of the franchise teams as a whole. Sponsors get branding and recognition. BCCI: Advantages Disadvantages The BCCI makes good money solely from the sale of TV rights, promotion and franchises. May forget to put efforts to promote other forms of cricket Domestic and Test Cricket. Got a great source of revenue. Viewers: Advantages Disadvantages Unlimited Masti and entertainment. Chances of family fights over Channel viewer ship. A great arsenal to make the case strong against the Saas Bahu fans in the family. Capital costs in terms of additional investment in television sets. A very good reason to increase productivity in office Return home by 8 pm.

JRR Tolkiens The Hobbit Essay -- Essays Papers

JRR Tolkien's The Hobbit The Hobbit tells the story of a comfortable, friendly creature named Bilbo Baggins. Bilbo, like most hobbits, is similar to a human, but about half the size, and much more nible because they have leathery soles on thier feet, and not nearly as loud. Bilbo gets caught up in mysterious affairs much greater than his own hobbit-life affairs when, at the recommendation of a mysterious old wizard named Gandalf, he is hired as a "burglar" by a group of dwarves. These dwarves, led by Thorin Oakenshield, son of Throror, son of Thrain are going to the Lonely Mountain in the East to reclaim their family's massive treasure from the great dragon Smaug who lives deep in the bowls of the lonely mountain. Along the way, the company gets into trouble with goblins who live in the misty mountains, spiders who live in Mirkwood forest, and other destructive and harmful creatures, and they often escape only because of the assistance of Gandalf and other good creatures they meet. Bilbo proves himself essential to the quest, saving the dwarves on many occasions with his valor and skill. His success is partly due to a magic ring that he takes from a strange, dark creature named Gollum, who lives in the dank, dark caves below the Misty Mountains. Gollum is clammy and slimy and he refers to his ring as my precious. Bilbo even manages to discover Smaug's weak spot, the bare area under his ear, which allows the dragon to be killed and the treasure divided. However, the ...

Database Exercise

Databases Team B ACC/340 June 13, 2011 Richard Calabria Databases In today’s business society, technologies such as databases are a vital part of just about every major retail business including the Riordan’s organization. Many people overlook the importance of the role of databases in business because they are integrated so well. Databases definitely affect the output part of the accounting cycle because it includes company’s financial data and other external reports that are derived from the database.The bottom-line is that databases can have a major impact on all of the accounting cycles. Capturing the Output – Financial statements and other external reports The output part of the accounting cycle is extremely important because the information must meet certain guidelines. Because external financial statements are used by a variety of people in a variety of ways, financial accounting has common rules known as accounting standards and as generally accept ed accounting principles (GAAP) (Price, 2010). In order to meet such expectations the input (sales invoices, payroll time card, etc. and Transaction Processing (journals, ledgers, trial balances) that proceed the output part of the accounting cycle must be accurate. Having a manager check the data inputted in the database versus the sales invoices, payroll cards, and other inputted data is a good way to ensure that the output will be accurate. Entity Relationship Diagram for the Output part of the Accounting Cycle Entity relationships in a data base are a major component inside a firm or a business or company that tells a story or passage about the events related to customer or consumer usage to that company.Economic events and information in relation to who and what had involvements to that company. The â€Å"Who† of a particular company is called the Agent which is participants of a transaction between the customer and the salesperson: while, the â€Å"what† is the e vent inside the SELLS PRODUCT TO activity itself? CUSTOMER SALEPERSON AASSETS ——— ———- ———- IS DEPLETED BY SALES CASH ASSETS INCREASED BY SALE INVENTORY AASSETS ——— ———- ——— The above diagram indicates the salesperson making a sale of product to the customer.This transaction will deplete the inventory on hand for Riordan but will increase Riordan’s cash assets by the sale. This increase in cash asset will then be reflected in the financial statement of Riordan. Accounting Assets generate resources from these events through the sale of inventory. To become a resource an entity must pass a couple of test, one being an object of value, two being an object of interest. In an accounting cycle an â€Å"Entity† must mirror an accounting cycle to design a blueprint to start a database. I (Quintin) used to work for a company called â€Å"S. M. I. L. E. , from 2002 to 2008 and it was a small company containing a very small database which was ran and set up by about 4 to 5 departments. The company was funded by a government grant that they used to help poor families with their bills and sometimes passing out food baskets to needy, not just around the holidays but when the funds were available. The key to receiving funds depended on the income of a household, which means that they had to qualify for the assistance. Here is fictional table of how the system (database) would apply: Employee Department Roster Employed (Employee) Last NameFirst NameDept.MangerLocationPhone Number BroussardTonyaAccnon/app. Bldg#4 233-0001ext. 301 AnthonyFredH/RectempBldg#2233-1200ext. 412 YoungVeraCust/Sfull/repBldg#1233-0001ext. 719 In this table the different departments for the company were all distributed in a table that showed who ran what department and that which was how the same way the payroll was set up and displayed for accounting cycle which a re done by the managerial employees inside of a business. Conclusion In closing, it is evident that the role of technology in particular the database has become an important part of the business world.Riordan manufacturing integrating the database into their business will realize positive impacts in their accounting and overall efficiency that otherwise would be impossible to accomplish. Businesses, who do not take advantage of today’s technological advances, place themselves at a big disadvantage to their competitors. The bottom-line is that most businesses would be crippled and maybe even be forced to close their doors without technological advances such as databases. References Price, R. (2010). Financial Accounting. Retrieved from http://www. accountingcoach. com/online-accounting-course/financial-accounting. html

Analysis of Sophocles’ Creon in Oedipus the King Essay

Sophocles is considered one of the most profound and best tragedians in the Ancient Greek. Sophocles came from a wealthy family and was highly learned and skilled. At young age, he had already seen many plays that were exhibited in ancient Greek theatres during his time. One of his favorite dramatist-writer was Aeschylus, whom he had replaced after a few years. Sophocles had written many plays; scholars estimated that he had written about one hundred and twenty plays yet only a few of them had remained in complete form. Yet, those plays were enough to define the immense tragedian behind the great works that were still venerated today. However, the reasons behind the popularity of Sophocles were due to his style and wit; and as many chroniclers asserted, he always surprised the audience. The plays of Sophocles were mythical and dealt with society- deviant ideas. He also asserted in his plays the act of fate in one’s life, even though many linguists had described this as force coincidence. Moreover, one of the immortal characters, aside from King Oedipus in the famous trilogy of Sophocles, was Creon. Creon was Jocasta’s brother and one of those who held the Theban throne. Laius, the King of Thebes had entrusted the throne to Creon while he was in Delphi to confer with the oracle. Meanwhile, the Sphinx and its spell had assailed the city. Creon, learning that Laius was dead, had offered the hand of her sister, Jocasta – the queen, to anyone who could solve the puzzle. Oedipus, the son of Jocasta who fled from Corinth had solved the puzzle of the Sphinx and was married to his mother. Creon had been instrumental in the fulfillment of the prophecy about Oedipus. Yet, Creon was unaware that Oedipus was the son of her sister. Moreover, Creon yielded the throne to Oedipus. He helped Oedipus in establishing and in strengthening the kingdom. He had been a constant adviser to Oedipus and had been his counter-ego. Creon was liked a brother to Oedipus that he had helped him in those troubled time where the latter was in the midst of discovering that the prophecy which he tried to escape had occurred to him. Yet, in Oedipus the King, Creon had been faithful to Oedipus. He had referred him to Teiresias, the blind prophet in order to know the cause of the plaguing of the city. However, they had known from Teiresias that the reason was Oedipus himself. Nonetheless, Oedipus had accused Creon of treason and conspiracy. Yet, Creon had denied the allegations of Oedipus, pointing out that he would not benefit in overthrowing him. Yet, Oedipus had known that the statements of Teirisias were true, so he requested Creon to put him to incarceration and exile to stop the plague that had been attacking the city. Meanwhile, he also had surrendered the throne to Creon and the latter had accepted Moreover, the character of Creon, in the play Oedipus the King by Sophocles, had been often contrasted to the character of Oedipus. Oedipus was rude in manners while Creon was temperate and kind. Oedipus was rough while Creon was gentle. Oedipus easily jumped into conclusion while Creon was somewhat logical and rational. Even though Sophocles’ Creon in Oedipus the King was mythical yet that was the ideal characteristic of a king. They should always consult the prophets and the oracles. That was the reason why Creon had consulted Teiresias, the blind prophet, regarding the plague that had been attacking the city. Yet, Oedipus was a very stubborn king. He did not believe the assertions and claims of Teiresias. He tried to assert his own will and his own power as a king. Yet, Creon had been his counsel and after realizing his follies he had yielded the throne to Creon and imposed a self-exile to him. The Creon in Sophocles’ Antigone was very different from the Creon in Oedipus the King. Even though considered as a sequel to Oedipus the King, scholars had noted a large degree of changes that had occurred to Creon in Antigone. Creon had been considered as a harsh and tyrannical character in Antigone. Yet one of the most enduring character of Creon in Antigone and Oedipus the King was his loyalty to the country. He considered sacrifice of self for the security and betterment of the state as the highest form of honor and service to the country. Yet, he was the one who sought forgiveness in the last part of Antigone, when his son had died due to his decree. Therefore, Creon in the plays of Sophocles had shown the characteristics of a good king. He had been loyal and honest to his country. He upheld the laws and the edicts strictly. He honored the gods and the deities. He honored those who served their countries well and despised those who serve as threats to the country. He had been a good family man. He was not stubborn yet he followed the orders of the prophets and the oracles. He was religious and pious. Yet, even though Friedlander (1999) had asserted that Sophocles plays were not â€Å"family entertainment,† yet the variety of characters and the style was outstanding. The way Socrates projected his play had always attracted audiences, both in his time and in the modern times. He was very creative just like the varied, changing and unique characters like Creon that he had created. References Friedlander, E. R. (1999). Enjoying â€Å"Oedipus the King† by Sophocles Retrieved May 22, 2007 from http://www. pathguy. com/oedipus. htm Sophocles. (2006). Oedipus the king. New York: Filiquarian Publishing.

Dance Helicap Essay Example

Dance Helicap Essay Example Dance Helicap Essay Dance Helicap Essay In 1967. Frank Dance proposed the communicating theoretical account called Dance’s Helix Model for a better communicating procedure. The name coiling comes from Helix which means an object holding a 3-dimensional form like that of a wire lesion uniformly around a cylinder or cone. He shows communicating as a dynamic and non-linear procedure. Theory Dance’s theoretical account emphasized the troubles of communicating. Frank Dance uses the signifier of a Helix to depict communicating procedure. He developed this theory based on a simple spiral which gets bigger and bigger as it moves or grows. The chief feature of coiling theoretical account of communicating is that it is evolutionary. Frank Dance explains the communicating procedure based on this Helix construction and compares it with communicating. In the Helix construction. the underside or starting is really little so it’s bit by bit moves upward in a dorsum and Forth round gesture which form the bigger circle in the top and it’s still moves farther. The whole procedure takes some clip to make. As like spiral. the communicating procedure starts really easy and defined little circle. Communicators portion information merely with little part of themselves to their relationships. Its bit by bit develops into following degree but which will take some clip to make and spread outing its boundaries to the following degree. Subsequently the communicators commit more and portion more parts themselves. Example When a kid is born the lone means of communicating is shouting. he/she calls for everything like hungriness. hurting. cold etc. . As the kid grows the agencies of communicating become wider and broader. He learns to makes noises so he learns linguistic communication to obtain attending and to carry through his demands. As a Helix the procedure of communicating in this instance started from shouting and later it developed into a complex and compound agencies. The Helical theoretical account of communicating is mostly dependent on its yesteryear. A kid learns to articulate a word in his simple categories and throughout his life he uses that word in the same manner he learnt. Just like that we used to respond to certain things in a certain manner in our childhood and such reactions and wonts stopping points with us everlastingly. The communicating evolves in the beginning in some simple signifiers so the same procedure of communicating develops based on the past activities. It develops further with alterations. Decision Frank Dance included the construct of clip in his theory. Something happens over the other will ever be based on the first event harmonizing to him. This theory of communicating was a topic to a figure of experimental researches. Even though this theoretical account of communicating clarifies everything there is a job of over simplification. Harmonizing to this theory a communicating procedure is the merchandise of what we learnt. Let us understand the theoretical account with the aid of an illustration. A kid from the really minute he comes to this universe starts pass oning. When a babe is born. the nurse hang-up his dorsum to do the kid call. If the kid doesn’t call. it is an indicant of a still born kid. What does shouting in this instance mention to? It is really a manner the kid is pass oning to his parents that he is alive. perfectly whole and hearty and ready to confront the challenges of the universe. As the kid grows up. he cries whenever he is hungry or expects something from his parents and sometimes merely for his parent’s attending. It is once more a child’s ain manner of conveying his message to the whole universe. When the same kid grows up and starts traveling to school. he shortly interacts with his parents. instructors. friends in the signifier of words. Now shouting really gets replaced by words or his address but one thing which is common is the procedure of communicating which existed since the child’s birth. Therefore the kid really started pass oning from the really first twenty-four hours of his life and has been pass oning all through till the present twenty-four hours. This explains one portion of coiling theoretical account of communicating. Harmonizing to the Helical theoretical account of communicating. the procedure of communicating evolves from the really birth of an person and continues till the bing minute. All life entities start pass oning from the really first twenty-four hours of their beginning. When seeds are planted. they convey the message to the nurseryman that they need to be watered day-to-day and should be treated good with fertilisers and manure. When a works emerges from the seed it besides starts pass oning its demand for H2O. sunshine. manure and fertilisers. therefore back uping the Helical theoretical account of communicating. The same besides applies for animate beings. birds. fishes and all life animals. Now allow us throw some more light on a existent life state of affairs An person in his simple categories learns to articulate a peculiar word or respond to a peculiar state of affairs. It has been observed that even though the kid grows up. he continues to articulate that peculiar word in the same manner as he did during his turning up yearss or for that affair. if the same state of affairs arises once more he would under all fortunes react in the same manner as he did in the yesteryear. The fright of the kid when all of a sudden the visible radiation goes away at dark ensuing in a complete blackout is present in his younger yearss every bit good as when he grows up. The above illustration once more makes the Helical theoretical account of communicating clear. Harmonizing to the Helical theoretical account as the procedure of communicating moves forward it besides comes back and is mostly dependent on the past behavior of the person. The theoretical account believes that communicating procedure is merely like a spiral which moves frontward every bit good as comes rearward and is dependent on the behavior forms of the past definitely with some alterations and alterations. As the kid grows up. he does do little alterations in his past organic structure motions or past pronunciation or facial looks. He makes certain alterations. alterations in his communicating and attempts to acquire rid of the communicating mistakes. An person will decidedly acquire less nervous in his teenage yearss as compared to his childhood yearss. therefore a little alteration in his behavior.

Understanding Vietnamese Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Understanding Vietnamese Culture - Essay Example A number of Vietnamese in America come from the southern regions of Vietnam and talk the same dialect as the interpreters, difficulties can arise (Pham 2005, p.10). Different pronunciations can convey different nuances (Karnow 2000, p.20). Also, even though their words can be spelled similarly, their true meaning depends on the spoken accent. The family gets valued highly in the Vietnamese family, and it plays a central part in the culture. This family becomes extended consisting of married sons, daughters in law; young unmarried adult daughters, and the grandchildren (Shapiro 2002, p.13). The family structure is patriarchal. The eldest male is the family decision maker and spokesman. In the traditional families of Vietnamese, the husbands make crucial decisions on matters outside the home, while the wives take care of homes and have the responsibility of making decisions concerning healthcare (Pham 2005, p.10). The elders in the community become highly honored and respected (Karnow 2000, p.20). The kids are at all times required to obey them. Decisions regarding the community get made on the basis of common good, mostly under the direction of one of the elderly males(Pham 2005, p.10). Individualism becomes discouraged totally in the line of the family responsibilities that enhance interdependence, sense of belonging and support. The Vietnamese people have wide religious beliefs that play a significant part in their normal way of life. This also includes the decisions regarding end of life matters and health care. A number of Vietnamese people practice Buddhism (Karnow 2000, p.20). These religions posit that people should live a virtuous life by ignoring personal desire. Other beliefs include; animism, ancestor worship, the philosophical principles of Confucianism and also Taoism that symbolizes the importance of family life, harmony and social virtues (Karnow 2000, p.20). People of Southern Vietnam practice Christianity, mostly Catholicism.  

How can cities become more sustainable Compare and contrast cities in Essay

How can cities become more sustainable Compare and contrast cities in the developed world and cities in the developing world - Essay Example The world population also grows drastically, that needs to be catered for in terms of sustainable living measures. Nevertheless, promotion of sustainable development efforts via improvement of economical and social conditions is no longer meeting the required ends. The recent years have seen the academicians, industrial developers, researchers, and scholars develop a global concern, and finding ways that would be ample to foster sustainability of worldwide cities to no avail. This is partially contributed to by the contrasting features and characteristics of cities in the developed world and those in the developing world. Cities in the developing world are not able to operate and enhance their survival in the standards of cities in the developed world (Mazmanian and Kraft 232). The discussion in this paper establishes various ways in which cities can become sustainable. Comparison and contrast of the status of cities in the developed and the developing world is also presented. 2.0 En hancing cities’ sustainability A cluster of methodologies is available that can be effectively utilized to foster cities’ sustainability. ... Additionally, vibrant mixed-utilization of high-density national centers and societies development should be duly enabled, the result of which would be creating room for ample choices of transportation, sense of belonging and fostering public automobiles in place of private entities. Protection of regional agriculture and projects as well as wildlife ecology and cut-off points is promoted (United Nations Human Settlements Programme 126). The mobility realms improvement would act as a rationale to the enhancement of sustainability. Investments directed towards a quality establishment of infrastructure of public transit, and which is easily accessible should be emphasized on. Further, phone cell notifications from signage should be utilized in the improvement of mutual connectivity and enhancing rich sources of information. It is also important to build environment with new designs of buildings, landscaping strategies as the first priority towards sustainability of cities. This is a ma jor step towards ensuring the efficiency of resources in regard to its integration with options of mobility (Benfield, Para 5). The overall economy should be intervened in every state in the world, as a prerequisite to the development of sustainability. Unlimited support of businesses, both local as well as international, should be a key step, while local jobs at this point can be easily available to ensure new economy’s requirements containing fresh technologies and energy that is renewable. Moreover, decision-makers in the economy (local and international) need be ideally supported in order that they would adapt the upcoming energy supplies that are highly volatile, as well as to cope with rising